Providing the workout was not too long in duration or intensity, thus causing catabolic hormones such as cortisol to be released, natural growth hormone levels will increase up to 60 minutes after exercise. The last thing you want to do is shut down this natural 'anabolic' release of growth hormone by stuffing your face with food.
Secondly, the hormonal surge that happens in a body that has gone under moderate stress (working out) is beneficial to fatloss. This is known as "riding the hormonal wave". Expecially important after a session of cardio. Eating right after a workout replenishes carbohydrate stores if carbodydrates are consumed, but it shuts down the release of anabolic hormones. Insulin is the trigger.
To take advantage of natural growth hormone release, wait a minimum of 40 minutes, then have a protein shake. This will curb growth hormone release, but not shut it down. A carbohydrate beverage will surely shut growth hormone down, and fill glycogen stores instead. Thus for optimum fatloss you should consume easily digestible protein (shake). For energy, consume carbodydrates.
The best method for both fatloss and muscle growth is consuming a protein drink 40-60 minute after your session, followed by a carbohydrate meal 2 hours afterwards. This allows you to maximize growh hormone and fill glycogen stores. If you're following a ketogenic diet, then obviously your either going to skip on the carbohydrate meal or opt for a small portion of low glycemic carbodhydrate or a larger portion of fiberous carbodhydrate. (note: fiber is non digestible, and not stored by the body)
Hope that answers you question.