In Russia, what is known as a pharmacy in the United States is referred to as a 'apteka.' Pharmacies are also recognizable by a green cross displayed outside or within the store window.
In general, the pharmacies in Russia are reliable. That is, they dispense the proper medications and the drugs themselves are of a U.S./Western level of quality, although availability of drugs may be limited. The pharmacists themselves are trained professionals with degrees in their field. Pharmacies in Russia can be used for all of your prescription and over-the-counter drug needs. Similar to the United States, pharmacists cannot distribute prescription medications without authorization from a doctor.
Regular business hours for pharmacies are 9 a.m. to 8 p.m., Monday through Friday. A listing of local pharmacies open outside of regular business hours can be found by consulting your hotel concierge, the phone book, lists that are posted outside of each pharmacy or by dialing 09 (only in Moscow). Most pharmacies are government run and will not have English speaking staff. The American Medical Medical Center and the International Medical Clinic both have their own pharmacies with English speaking staff.
Regardless of the pharmacy situation in any country, it is always advisable to bring enough medication to last through your trip. Be sure to carry it with you rather than trusting it to checked luggage (many frequent travelers bring a double supply of medication and pack each in different bags). It is also advisable to carry extra prescription sheets written by your doctor (with the generic names) in case you need refills during your trip and to show at customs as proof of the medication's identity and necessity. Always remember to check the expiration dates on all medications, whether they are from home or abroad. Depending on where you are traveling, you may also want to carry an anti-diarrheal medication and/or ask your physician for an appropriate anti-diarrheal prescription, as a precautionary measure.
Hope that helps!
http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-61612-moscow_health-i
Please Scroll Down to See Forums Below 
