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Freiwillige - The Foreign Volunteers by Jason Pipes

http://www.feldgrau.com/main1.php?ID=7


One of the most amazing aspects of WWII, and one of the least well known, is the incredibly large number of foreign volunteers that joined the German Armed Forces between 1939 and 1945. During WWII, nearly 2,000,000 foreigners served within the German fighting forces, many as willing volunteers, others through varying degrees of conscription. The reasons these volunteers joined the German Wehrmacht were varied, but a simple look at the numbers begins to tell the story - in the East alone nearly 1,000,000 men volunteered for service with Germany. This number is a direct result of the situation millions faced under the brutal rule of the Soviet Empire. Many foreign volunteers and conscripts were anonymously intergrated into all areas of the military, while a great number of others formed distict units consisting either partly or entirely of volunteers of specific ethnic, cultural or political backgrounds. These units were employed in all varieties of combat tasks from carrying wounded and supplies, to fighting partisans, to serving on the front line. Some of these units would prove to be tenacious and elite formations - the match of any regular German units - while others would prove worthless in serious combat. Some units even mutinied and resisted the Germans after having been fully trained and armed! In the end, many volunteers were openly slaughtered by the partisans, and in some cases by the Allies themselves, while most others were handed over to their respective former homelands. In most cases, as with those sent to the former Soviet Union, these volunteers would never be seen again.
 
the german foreign legion

why did 2 million volunteer to fight for the "madman" adolf hitler?
 
Perhaps one of the most successful volunteer contingents to have fought for Germany,in terms of fierce fighting spirit and battleworthiness,were the Spanish Volunteers. The war situation in spring of 1941 was bleak for Great Britain and her few existing allies; the Balkans,Greece,and Crete had fallen in short order beneath the seemingly unstoppable German armies. Nevertheless,the Caudillo (leader) of Spain,Generalissimo Francisco Franco,despite urgent proddings from the German Foreign office to join the war on the Axis side, found it politic for reasons both economic and geo-strategic to keep Spain a neutral state in the great conflict. Still, Franco was quite aware of a debt owed to Germany for her pivotal "Legion Condor" aid during the Spanish Civil War years,and conversely, had a grudge to settle with Stalin for his aid to the opposing Republican side. Only hours after German troops stormed Soviet borders in the east on June 22,1941, Spain officially offered her services to the Reich. The Spanish plan was to draw volunteers for a Division to fight exclusively in Russia from among both her standing Army, and the presiding fascist party known as the Falange. (The volunteers would later dub themselves as the "Azul" or "Blue",in reference to the "blue-shirts" worn by the Falangist movement.)
 
Calls for volunteers were overwhelmingly enthusiastic from the start. Potential recruits flocked to Falange party stations and Army barracks across Spain. The recruits came from all backgrounds and numbered among them many ex-Civil War combatants, seasoned soldiers, and fliers (an "Esquadra Azul" of pilots was also raised for the Luftwaffe on the Eastern front). Apparently,the thought of personally striking at the Soviet Union, the home of "International Communism", greatly appealed to the Spaniards. An example of their mass enthusiasm can be seen in that by July 2nd,1941 when the recruiting stations were officially closed - it is reported that the required initial draft of 18,000 men had been exceeded enough to form at least several infantry divisions.
 
germany saved western europe from communism
western europe should be indebted to germany
 
During the frozen month of October 1941 units of the German 18th and 126.Infanterie Divisions,along with two regiments of the Spanish Azul crossed the Volkhov at Udarnik and established a bridghead on the east bank. The II/269.Inf.Rgt. was again closely engaged in heavy combat and close-quarter fighting against elements of the Soviet 52nd Corps,which they successfully threw back after tenacious defense of the bridgehead. Continuous shelling by the Soviets kept reinforcements at a minimum,but forces of the III/263rd Inf.Rgt. and the 250.Reserve Battalion made it to the east bank of the Volkhov to bolster the defense. In a slowly widening circle to the north,east,and south of thier start point, bought with grim and unflinching resolve - the Spanish grenadiers invested the villages of Tigoda, Dubrovka,and Muravji on the east bank of the Volkhov,pushing the Russians slowly back.

With the full freeze on of the Volkhov in November, the the Spaniards faced regular counter-attacks from the Soviets on their flanks,which included massive artillery bombardments,and vast WWI-like infantry trench-charges by the "hoourah..." screaming Russians. At the village of Possad on 12 November, wave upon wave of Russian soldiers hurled themselves at the Azul held line in serveral successive attempts to regain control of the village. It would eventually turn into a standoff. The grimly determined Azul held up against each Red counter-attack,taking heavy casualties in men an material not easily replenished. For close to a month the Spanish volunteers held Possad,while only meager replenishments of men and ammunition were able to get through. While the Soviets urged their opponents to surrender their nearly sorrounded positions, the Spanish defiantly retorted with their Civil War battle-cry : "Arriba Espana!" The garrison of Possad was quietly withdrawn on 7 December, only when intelligence told the Soviet atttacking force had also withdrawn through sheer exhaustion. The losses to the 269.Inf.Rgt. during this brutal month were 120 dead, 440 wounded,and 20 missing. All units of the 250.Inf.Div. now retired over the frozen Volkhov to fortified positions on the west bank.

That winter, greater horrors would visit the volunteers. On Christmas eve of 1941, at positions held by a company of Spanish Grenadiers at Lubkovo suddenly overrun by a fierce attack of Soviet infantry - relief troops subsequently found the stripped and mutialted bodies of Alferez' Moscoso's over-run platoon nailed to the frozen ground with thier own bayonets and pick-axes in a display of brutal mock-crucifixion. Shortly thereafter, a fierce, revenge-focused counterattack by two companies of the I/269 Inf.Rgt. of the "Azul" left the icy surface of the frozen Volkhov strewn with the dead bodies of an entire Soviet battalion. For the time being - the atrocities had been revenged. One can only imagine the endlessly repercussive effects of this sort of action. This was the reality of the bitter fighting on the Volkhov front.
 
Croatian Volunteers in the Wehrmacht in WWII by Allen Milic


On April 6th, 1941, Germany launched a massive assault on Yugoslavia. Within 12 days of the assault Yugoslavia was crushed. Four days after the German assault, on April 10th, 1941, Slavko Kvaternik came forward from the region of Croatia and proclaimed "a free and independent State of Croatia" under the direction of Ante Pavelic. At the time of the German assault and later during Kvaternik's declaration, Pavelic was in Italy. He arrived in Croatia on April 14th and took up control of the newly formed independent State of Croatia. On April 17th, Croatia declared war on the British, thus making Croatia a formal Axis partner.

Over the course of the Second World War many Croatians choose not to serve in the various branches of the Armed Forces of the Independant State of Croatia, but instead volunteered for service in one of the military forces of Croatia's Axis allies, namely with Germany, or to a lesser degree, with Italy. Croatians served in all branches of the German Wehrmacht the Waffen SS and the SS Police.
 
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