At college I got bad shin splits, so bad I couldn't even walk to class on the brick sidewalks.
First off I changed shoes. I quit wearing boots/hiking shoes/Doc Martens all together since they're much heavier than a sneaker. Then I added some exercises like mentioned above. Another is, get on a leg press, then angle your knees, and push the plate with your feet only. This works the muscle opposite the calf, the anterior tibialis. Do sets of like 15 or 20, so the weight will have to be pretty low.
Quit doing heavy calf workouts, as having a large disparity between calf strength and anterior tibialis (sp) can lead to shin splints.
Might want to work on your VMO some (teardrop of quad) since it helps with patellar (kneecap) tracking. Often shin splits and patellar tendonitis come together (I had both it turns out). Patellar tendonitis can be aggrevated by excess movement of the kneecap, due to not enough muscle around it to support it.
I also got some elastic bands, and would put them under a door, around leg of bed, or on a doorknob, and then use them as resistance for ankle flexion exercises.