When you boot up, you can go in to the BIOS and see if it will detect you hard drive. You may have to do this manually.
This is normally how it is done, althought it varies...
During bootup, hit the DELETE key (and no, KAYNE, I am not talk to you... )
This should take you in to your BIOS/CMOS setting.
There should be a Hard Drive autodetect option. Run it and see if it finds the hard drive. If it won't you can force the settings, but all new mainboards should autodetect the drive.
It will go through the Primary IDE controller (being zero) and detect master/slave. The same process will occur for the Secondary IDE hard drive (being one). If it does not find anything, you have problems.