Ottoman Turkey
*Dates: 1915-1917
*Targets: Armenians: (mostly Christians)
*Civilians Killed: 1-1.5 million
*Gun Control Laws: Art. 166, Pen. Code, 1866 & 1911 Proclamation, 1915
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: • Permits required •Government list of owners •Ban on possession
Soviet Union
*Dates: 1929-1945
*Targets: Political opponents; farming communities
*Civilians Killed: 20 million
*Gun Control Laws: 1918 Decree, July 12, 1920 Art. 59 & 182, Pen. code, 1926
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Licensing of owners
•Ban on possession •Severe penalties
Nazi Germany and occupied Europe
*Dates: 1933-1945
*Targets: Political opponents; Jews; Gypsies; critics; "examples"
*Civilians Killed: 20 million
*Gun Control Laws: Law on Firearms & Ammun., 1928 Weapon Law, March 18, 1938Regulations against Jews, 1938
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Registration & Licensing •Stricter handgun laws •Ban on possession
China, Nationalist
*Dates: 1927-1949
*Targets: Political opponents; army conscripts; others
*Civilians Killed: 10 million
*Gun Control Laws: Art. 205, Crim. Code, 1914 Art. 186-87, Crim. Code, 1935
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Government permit system •Ban on private ownership
China, Red
*Dates: 1949-1952, 1957-1960, 1966-1976
*Targets: Political opponents; Rural populations, Enemies of the state
*Civilians Killed: 20-35 million
*Gun Control Laws: Act of Feb. 20, 1951, Act of Oct. 22, 1957
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Prison or death to "counter-revolutionary criminals" and anyone resisting any government program •Death penalty for supply guns to such "criminals"
Guatemala
*Dates: 1960-1981
*Targets: Mayans & other Indians; political enemies
*Civilians Killed: 100,000-200,000
*Gun Control Laws: Decree 36, Nov 25 •Act of 1932 Decree 386, 1947 Decree 283, 1964
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: Register guns & owners •Licensing with high fees •Prohibit carrying guns •Bans on guns, sharp tools •Confiscation powers
Uganda
*Dates: 1971-1979
*Targets: Christians, Political enemies
*Civilians Killed: 300,000
*Gun Control Laws: Firearms Ordinance, 1955 Firearms Act, 1970
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Register all guns & owners •Licenses for transactions •Warrentless searches •Confiscation powers
Cambodia (Khmer Rouge)
*Dates: 1975-1979
*Targets: Educated Persons; Political enemies
*Civilians Killed: 2 million
*Gun Control Laws: Art. 322-328, Penal Code Royal Ordinance 55, 1938
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Licenses for guns, owners, ammunition & transactions •Photo ID with fingerprints •License inspected quarterly
Rwanda
*Dates: 1994
*Targets: Tutsi people
*Civilians Killed: 800,000
*Gun Control Laws: Decree-Law No. 12, 1979
*Features of Over-all "Gun Control" scheme: •Register guns, owners, ammunition •Owners must justify need •Concealable guns illegal •Confiscating powers