Macro,
The rats using 4-OHA tamoxifen may have escaped liver cancer, but unfortunately they probably didn’t escape uterine cancer -- Being that 4-hydroxy tamoxifen is the primary cancer cancer causing metabolite of tamoxifen in the uterus.
Activation of 4-hydroxytamoxifen and the tamoxifen derivative metabolite E by uterine peroxidase to form DNA adducts: Comparison with DNA adducts formed in the uterus of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with tamoxifen
Deena N. Pathak, Krisztina Pongracz, and William J. Bodell
Carcinogenesis, Sep 1996; 17: 1785 - 1790
Activation of the Tamoxifen Derivative Metabolite E to Form DNA Adducts: Comparison with the Adducts Formed by Microsomal Activation of Tamoxifen
Krisztina Pongracz, Deena N. Pathak, Takemichi Nakamura, Alma L. Burlingame, and William J. Bodell
Cancer Res., Jul 1995; 55: 3012 - 3015.
Teratogenic effects of clomiphene, tamoxifen, and diethylstilbestrol on the developing human female genital tract.
GR Cunha, O Taguchi, R Namikawa, Y Nishizuka, and SJ Robboy
Hum Pathol, Nov 1987; 18(11): 1132-43.
Either way, we have to be careful when interrupting results from a rat studies. Remember, rats have a notable difference in their P450 gene characterizes and a pleiotropic drug such as tamoxifen is going to complicate things even further. Besides, debating over which tamoxifen metabolite has the most carcinogenic effects in whatever part of the body seems moot to me. I think it is clear that nolvadex is a toxic drug.
As far as clomid goes, I don’t think we need a study with male bodybuilders to realize it can cause problems. I personally wouldn’t want to use a substance with known tetrogenic effects. Besides, the last time I was on clomid, I had a non-existent sex drive and I cried about 4 times while sitting through “The Notebook”. That was the deal breaker for me.
-Pp