What is it and what does it do?
Clenbuterol (often referred to simply as ‘Clen’) is a Beta 2 Sympathomitetic and CNS stimulant. It is a specific agonist, stimulating the adrenergic beta 2 receptors. It is used in certain countries in a medical sense as a bronchodilator in the treatment of asthma, though not in the U.K/U.S. mainly due to it’s long half life. However, athletes/bber’s utilise the drug due to its thermogenic and anti-catabolic effects. This is down to it’s ability to slightly increase the body’s core temperature, thereby raising calorific expenditure. It is thought that a 1°F increase yields around a 5% increase in maintenance calories burned. Studies on livestock suggest that clenbuterol has anabolic properties too. However, this is not the case in humans, thought to be due to the fact that humans lack the abundance of beta 3 receptors which increase insulin production and sensitivity.
What are the side effects?
Side effects are dose dependant, though most users will find that most tend to subside with persistent use. Caution is advised when employing the use of Clenbuterol in conjunction with other adrenoceptor agonists as side effects are likely to be cumulative. It is for this reason that it is generally not recommended to use ECA whilst administering Clen. Common sides would include:
Headaches
Muscular tremors (especially hand shakes)
Muscular cramps
Nervousness
Insomnia
Sweating
Increased appetite
Nausea
Palpitations
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
In view of the above side effects, it is obvious to assume that anyone with cardiac issues and/or hypertension should not use a stimulant such as Clenbuterol. In addition, caution must be observed by those already using similar compounds in the treatment of existing medical conditions.
Commonly employed dosing protocols
It is well known that Clenbuterol use results in rapid down-regulation of beta 2 receptors. This is due to the powerful stimulatory effect of the drug. It is therefore pointless to use Clen for long periods without a break. Some believe that a 2 day on, 2 day off dosing schedule will allow adequate potential for receptor up-regulation. However, I doubt this to be the case due to the relatively long half life of Clen, resulting in continued stimulation even throughout the ‘off’ days. A much better regime would be a 2 week on, 2 week off cycle.
A tapering up of dosages is recommended in an attempt to limit harsh side effects. Most commonly, a user will start by taking 1 20mcg tab on day 1, followed by an increase of 1 tab on subsequent days. Subject to personal tolerance levels, a dosage of 140mcg (7 tabs) will be used by day 7, and this level should be maintained for the entire second week. It would be fruitless to exceed 7 or 8 tabs daily due to receptor over-saturation. There is no requirement to taper down.
During the 2 ‘off’ weeks, an ECA stack can be used as required. ECA will not cause such a pronounced down regulation and desensitization of the receptors, certainly not to the extent of Clen. Ephedrine has a short half life in contrast to Clen which results in times throughout the day where the beta's will partially recover from stimulation by adrenaline and nor-adrenaline. Potency is also much weaker that that of Clen, as it is not a specific agonist. Ephedrine is also thought to increase the conversion of endogenous/exogenous T4 to T3 through the activation of deiodinases responsible for this process. This is important as Clen is known to slow the rate of T4 to T3 conversion. As a side note, some bber’s will use T3 concurrently with the Clenbuterol/ECA cutting cycle (together with certain anabolic/androgenic steroids no doubt!) in an attempt to at least maintain T3 levels.
Cycles of Clen/ECA are normally limited to 12 weeks in total, though are often shorter.
Female dosages tend to be slightly lower than those of male users, with an upper limit of 80-120mcg (4-6 tabs).
Aside from it’s fat burning properties, Clen is often used as an anti-catabolic to maintain muscular gains following a steroid cycle. A dosage of 40mcg daily would be suited to this situation.
Dosage Timing
There is no particular requirement to split the dosage throughout the day due to the long 36hr half life. Most will take the full daily dose in the morning, though some prefer to take their dose just before bed so the user avoids most of the side effects as they sleep.
Some user accounts suggest that splitting the dose may lessen side effects slightly. It is a trial and error process in essence, to ascertain which method suits you personally.
Muscular cramping
Cramping whilst using Clenbuterol is a fairly common side effect. This is most probably due to depletion of Taurine in the liver together with deficits in sodium and potassium, as well as inadequate hydration. Symptoms can be alleviated by:
Eating bananas
Ensuring adequate hydration
Taurine supplementation @ 3-5grams daily
Possibly supplementing with potassium
Ketotifen
Ketotifen is an anti-histamine used medically to treat bronchial asthma and allergies. It has a sedative and depressant effect on the brain. It acts by decreasing the release of histamine which is a chemical released when an allergic reaction occurs. Ketotifen blocks the action of histamine on special histamine receptors and reduces the nerve response when an allergic reaction occurs.
Histamine is the chemical in the body that causes the symptoms of an allergic reaction. These can include inflammation of the skin, airways or tissues, rashes, itching and of the skin, eyes or nose, nasal congestion and narrowing of the airways.
By blocking the actions of histamine, ketotifen may prevent and relieve the narrowing of the airways that occurs in asthma due to allergies.
However, bodybuilders are interested in the drug as it has been shown to inhibit the down regulation of the beta receptors, including the beta 2s that clen stimulates. As long as you are taking ketotifen, it will continue to clean these receptors, never allowing them to downregulate – even while on a heavy clen cycle. That means you can continue to take clen indefinitely without having to cycle off to regenerate the receptors. 2-3mg ED can upregulate even severely shut down receptors within a week.
It also means that you don’t need as much clen to get the same benefits. It seems u can take about 30-40% less clen and it be equally effective.
No studies have been done to find the most effective dose though most users should find 3-4mg ed ideal, which can be split or taken in one sitting. Higher doses are likely to cause (sometimes severe) drowsiness and increase appetite.