Full squats IMO. Nothing beats full ROM strength.
People always say oly squats for quads for some reason, this is not the case, the hams and glutes are still very heavily active, just that the balance is more evenly distributed between the quads, hams and glutes.
With a powerlifting hip back style squat, the stress is mostly hams and glutes.
Quads are very important - people always seem to downplay the role of quads, but when you acclerate in a sprint from a standing start, there is a lot of quad activation. Especially when your leaning forward, like from starting blocks.
Quads are your pushing and agilty muscles. Strong quads also play a role in keeping the knee stable in ballistic actions.
Your only as strong as your weakest link
anyway in the weight room, most actions require you to pull a weight toward you so you don't really notice the need for quads, but once you go out and do some sports etc, where you do have to push forwards, then you notice a need for them. You do bend your knees forward in lots of athletic movements
I would use full squats as a core movement, and supplement with variations.