That is the biggest fucking myth out there. My husband is certified, card carrying 50% Native American. You know what the big "preferential treatment" is? If he wants to live on a reservation, he's guaranteed 1 acre of land, that's FUCKING IT.
Being Native American gives you these rights over "regular people":
1. You get 1 acre of reservation land, but you MUST build a house on it, you can't camp on it, you can't use it as vacation property. And if you die and your spouse is not native amer. they get thrown off the land unless tribal counsel votes otherwise.
2. You have the right to kill any kind of animal, at any time of the year, no license required, no limits.
3. You are the only people entitled to own Bald Eagle feathers.
4. You can own/use Peyote legally, if it is part of your religious purposes (and that's not everywhere).
As you can see, being Native American entitles you to many, many priveleges that are not open to whites ... as long as you spend your time living on a reservation, off the land.
The whole schooling/education thing? Yeah, that's bullshit. Health care? Horse shit unless you're on welfare. And since most reservations are in the bumfuck part of any state, there's no work there, so you either live on welfare, on the reservation, or you leave the reservation, and move away fromn your culture, which doesn't really exist anyway so what's the fucking difference?