Joe Stenson said:
The funny thing is people like to complicate things, but really a calorie IS a calorie...especially when you take adequate protein and EFAs as a given.
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Just to clear this, and as this is a common cause of confusion, a calorie (or correctly said, a Kcal, since we are talking about food) is only a calorie when we are looking at it from the Thermodynamics point of view (simply as an energy measure).
However, when we see it from the cutting perspective (and defining cutting as the science/art of MAXIMIZING fat loss while MINIMIZING LBM loss) and not simply as losing weight, then if I were to accept that a "calorie is a calorie" then I would have to disregard/place as incorrect, the following premises:
1.
Macronutrients Ratios modification: A well known fact is that a variation as small as 10% in your ratios can make the difference between a diet that works and one that will not, or between a diet that will make you feel miserable and weak (0 carbs) against one that will make you feel strong (50+% carbs)
2.
Thermic Effect of Food: Lean protein has a TE of up to 30%, whereas fat and refined carbs can be as low as only 3% TE. Natural starchy and fibrous carbs are a close second at 20%. This alone would have a significant impact in terms of nett caloric availability. If you eat 100 cals of fat, about 97 of them will be available to your body after digestion, whereas with cals of oats, about 80 will be available. Your statement above, when read in light of your disclaimer, should read then: "A carb calorie is a carb calorie," is still wrong by the difference in Thermic Effect of both simple/refined carbs and low GI carbs.
3.
Meal timing according to Metabolic process: Case in point, PWO nutrition. If a cal is a cal, regardless I have my protein intake covered, I could get away with pure carbs (of any type) or pure fat (EFAs or not) post work out and forget completely about insuline spikes and glycogen replenishment.
there are other subtle factors though, like insuline resistance and "empty cals" (sugar table is 99% pure calories, no vitamins, no minerals, no proteins, it actually depletes minerals from your body. As a general rule, one should not be concerned only with the number of calories per day, but with the nutritient density of those cals (especially important if we are to compare sugar table with oats, for example)
As a final point, a deficit of 3500 cals/week will not automatically result in 1 lb of fat lost,
in most cases it might not even result in 1 lb of weight lost at all, it all depends on how efficient your body is at running your current diet.
As for your example: "Make sure that your answer emphasizes exactly why this guy is not going to lose 1lb of fat eating the donuts (a fat and high GI carb mix) or table sugar (high GI carb), yet could if he ate the oats (a low GI carb)."
It is indeed quite simple: If you eat your protein and your EFAs and you fill the gap with donuts, there is a VERY high chance that the insulin spike caused by the simple carbs will make you more prone to store that donut fat. Moreover, you are apt to be burning those readily available donuts carbs in your daily activities... remember that fat-burning is a VERY slow process that only kicks in after some 25-mins of cardio activity, provided there are no other carb sources available. The probability of making this diet fail turns into certainty with the correct timing: Imagine eating your donuts before going to bed, or before doing cardio (thus rendering cardio useless)
Our bodies are very complex systems, we don't like to make it complex... it's a complex environment and your food choices/timing will dictate whether you succeed or not.