Hey guys got my bloodwork back from the infection. My white blood cell count was very very high. Meaning they were working hard to protect the body and my doc believed that this was the bacteria that caused it......
Staphylococcus aureus - golden staph
Staphylococcus aureus, or S.aureus, is a type of bacterium that causes infections. It is sometimes referred to as 'golden staph'.
Before antibiotics, a severe infection was fatal for around 80 per cent of victims. Penicillin was effective in treating S.aureus until the bacterium became resistant. Throughout the second half of the 20th century, new antibiotics such as methicillin and vancomycin were developed which successfully treated S.aureus infections.
However, methicillin-resistant strains of S.aureus evolved in the 1970s and have troubled hospitals worldwide with persistent infections in patients. Vancomycin-resistant strains of S.aureus have emerged in Japan, and strains with partial resistance to vancomycin have been found in the USA, Australia and other countries.
S.aureus can be spread by skin-on-skin contact, or by touching infected surfaces. It can cause a range of mild to severe infections, which may cause death in some cases.
Hospital patients
S.aureus commonly inhabits the skin, and around three out of every 10 people carry the germ in their noses. These people are called carriers.
In most situations, S.aureus is harmless. If it enters the body through a cut in the skin it can cause a range of mild to severe infections. Hospital patients are more likely to be infected by S.aureus because of surgical or other wounds. These people can face grave danger if their S.aureus infections resist treatment from most types of antibiotics.
Types of infections
Common infections caused by S.aureus include:
Boils and abscesses - infection of the skin.
Impetigo (school sores) - a crusty skin infection that may affect newborn babies and schoolchildren.
More serious infections include:
Meningitis - infection of the membranes lining the brain.
Osteomyelitis - infection of the bone and bone marrow.
Pneumonia - infection of one or both lungs.
Septic phlebitis - infection of a vein.
Endocarditis - infection of the heart valves.
Evolving resistant strains
A bacterial infection consists of countless individual bacteria. There is a strong possibility that a few bacteria will survive a course of antibiotics, perhaps due to gene mutation. The antibiotic-resistant S.aureus bacteria then flourish, since they no longer have to compete for resources with the rest of the colony. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics encourages drug-resistant strains.
Preventing the spread of S.aureus
Since S.aureus is easily spread by contaminated hands, strict hygiene practices are needed.
Standard hygiene practices undertaken by hospital staff include:
Washing the hands frequently before and after contact with patients.
Wearing gloves, gowns and masks.
Handling used equipment and laundry with care.
Isolating any infected patient.
Thoroughly cleaning all surfaces.
Long term prevention
Worldwide measures need to be taken to prevent further resistant strains of S.aureus. Experts propose:
A more conservative approach to using antibiotics.
The use of narrow spectrum rather than broad spectrum antibiotics.
Limiting the use of antibiotics like vancomycin.
Maintaining or upgrading hygiene practices in hospitals.
Good infection control measures.
Developing new lines of antibiotics that are effective against S.aureus.
Where to get help
Your doctor
Things to remember
Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is a common bacterium that lives on the skin and in some people's noses.
S.aureus can cause a range of mild to severe infections.
Excessive use of antibiotics has led to drug-resistant strains of S.aureus.
Related articles:
Antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Impetigo - or school sores.
Infections - bacterial and viral.
Infections in hospital - reduce the risk.