Maybe it's because you work biceps so hard that they don't get sore. The aim is not to devastate your body, and I'm sure it's much more practical to train more frequently with moderate to high volume and weight as opposed to infrequently with high volume and weight.
Alternatively, you might not have a good feel for the biceps or trying to force them with more weight than they can handle thus recruiting supporting tissues like the back and shoulders. I don't really know without any more information...
maybe you could try full or partial body movements such as pullups rather than worrying about bicep muscles *shrug*