From about.com
What is a yeast infection?
A woman's vagina normally contains small amounts of a certain kind of fungus, candida albicans. However, when yeast in the vagina overgrows, a yeast infection develops, often leaving a vaginal discharge and/or an intense itching around the vagina and vulva.
What causes a yeast infection to develop?
A yeast infection can develop because of the following:
· increased heat and moisture in the crotch area, caused by wearing heavy, tight-fitting clothing, nylon underpants or pantyhose, or damp gym clothes
· not keeping the genital area clean
· being overweight, which blocks air circulation to the crotch area
· using products that contain perfumes or oils that irritate the skin or don't wash off
Ingesting too much yeast in the form of bread or alcohol does NOT cause a yeast infection!
What are the symptoms of vaginal yeast infections?
The only way to be sure you have a yeast infection is by making an appointment with your health care provider and having a swab of vaginal discharge looked at through a microscope. Most women can't do this at home, but if you have had a yeast infection diagnosed before, you may be able to tell by the feel, look, and smell of your discharge that you have a yeast infection.
· Feels like: An itching and/or burning sensation localized in the vagina and vulva. This itching is not always present, but it can be quite severe. It may or may not include redness or swelling. The itching and burning may be worse right after intercourse.
· Looks like: A discharge that may range in appearance from thick, white, and cottage cheese-like to a thin, faint yellow, almost clear.
· Smells like: A scent similar to bread or beer, almost exactly like yeast.
What can I do to help prevent a vaginal yeast infection?
You can help prevent a vaginal yeast infection by doing the following:
· Avoid bath oils and bubble baths.
· Clean the genital area daily with warm water.
· Wipe from front to back after urination and bowel movement.
· Wear cotton underwear and breathable clothing.
· Avoid tight-fitting clothing.
· Avoid feminine deodorant sprays and douches. They irritate the vulva and vaginal areas.
What can I do to treat a vaginal yeast infection?
First, get a diagnosis of a yeast infection from a health care provider. There are vaginal infections besides yeast that share similar symptoms of itchiness, painfulness, and discharge. Treatments may include either prescription or nonprescription medication. Pills, taken orally, require a prescription. Now, there are several antifungal vaginal creams and suppositories available without a prescription. Most of these are used for seven to 14 days. If you use suppositories, always store them in the refrigerator. There are stronger concentrations of this type of medication that can be taken for shorter periods of time, but these may require a prescription. Your health care provider will recommend a course of treatment. If you use an over-the-counter treatment when you don't really have a yeast infection, you could be building a resistance to medication. That means the next time you have a real yeast infection, it may be much harder to get rid of!
Note: Avoid any form of intercourse while taking yeast infection medication! You might affect the treatment's effectiveness.
Can anyone take over-the-counter medication for a vaginal yeast infection?
Women who are pregnant should consult their provider prior to using any over-the-counter medication. Other women are advised to read product labels carefully and consult a pharmacist if they have any questions.
Can men get yeast infections?
Yes, men can contract a yeast infection if they have unprotected sexual activity with a partner who has a yeast infection. If they are not treated, both partners can keep ping-ponging the infection back and forth.
What if I have recurrent or chronic yeast infections?
Ask your partner to be evaluated for the presence of yeast problems. He or she may require medication to prevent re-infecting you while you are being treated for a yeast infection. You may also want to talk to your health care provider about having a test for diabetes, since women with diabetes often have recurrent yeast infections. And, if you regularly take antibiotics, you should ask your provider to evaluate if these medications might be the cause of your yeast infections. Recurrent or chronic yeast infections can also be a possible sign of HIV infection. Other evidence supports that women who are overweight and who use oral contraceptives develop more yeast infections than women who are not overweight and who use other forms of birth control. If the treatment for your vaginal yeast infection does not work for you, see your provider for further evaluation.
For more information, see:
http://www.plannedparenthood.org/WOMENSHEALTH/vaginitis.htm.