The Causes of Shoulder Pain during Bench Pressing
By: Charles Poliquin
I am often asked about ways to reduce shoulder pain during bench pressing. In my experience, there are three main causes of shoulder pain during bench pressing:
Improper Muscle Balance: If the strength ratio between two muscle groups is off-kilter, you can actually experience faulty alignment. For example, if the strength of your pectorals is far greater than that of the external rotators of the humerus (teres minor and infraspinatus), you'll likely feel a sharp pain in the superior anterior portion of the upper arm (this problem is often misdiagnosed as bicipital tendinitis).
There are lots of other examples of off-set muscle/strength ratios, but explaining them all is beyond the scope of this article.
Adhesion Build-Up: One of the regrettable side effects of years and years of weight training is the build-up of adhesions in soft tissues and surrounding structures. Adhesions are a result of the load used and the total volume of repetitions. In other words, the more sets and reps you perform and the stronger you've become, the more adhesions you've developed.
These connective tissue buildups can take place within the muscle, between muscle groups, or between the nerve and the muscle. Adhesions can occur in any muscle structure but the one most often responsible for bench-press induced shoulder pain is the subscapularis muscle. The good news is that they can be found and "cured" quickly through a soft-tissue management technique called Active Release Techniques.
Lack of Flexibility: Failure to stretch the muscles on a regular basis can precipitate the onset of injuries. Thankfully, you don't need to become the Grand Master of Yoga to solve this problem. Regular P.N.F. stretching of the shoulder girdle before your upper body workouts will do wonders for keeping your shoulders healthy and functional.